Cooling system for internal-combustion engines.



W. F. HUDSON.

COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.

INVENTOR W/ TN ESSES:

WILLIAM IE. HUDSON, 3F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 26, 1918.

Application filed February 1, 1917. Serial Noi 146,014.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I,-\V1LL1AM I HUDSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improved Cooling System for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

vThe principal object of the present iuvention is to provide a cooling system for internal combustion engines in which the cooling liquid is so conserved that a desired level is maintained substantially constant through long periods of time whereby immediate circulation of the cooling liquid may be had simultaneously with the starting of an engine. A further object of the present invention is'to utilize for this purpose with as few charges as possible, such parts of systems of cooling by radiation as are used at present in connection with internal combustion engines, so that the installation cost of the present system may be reduced to a minimum.

Other-and further objects of the present invention reside in the providing of general details of construction and arrangement of parts as will hereinafter appear.

\Vith these and other objects in view, the invention consists of the improven'ients hereinafter described and finally claimed.

The nature. characteristic features and scope of the invention will be more fully understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming parthereof, and in which:

Figure 1 is a view in elevation partly sec tioned illustratingan internal combustion engine and radiator showing a form of cooling system of the invention in application thereto;

Fig. 2 is a similar view illustrating a slightly modified form of construction;

Fig. 3 is a similar view' of another form of constriu-tion; and

Fig. & is a similar view of still another form of construction.

For the purpose of illustrating my invention, I have shown in the accompanying drawings one form thereof which is at present preferred by me, since the same has been found in practice to give satisfactory and reliable results, although it is to be understood that the various instrumentalities of which my invention consists can be variously arranged and organized and that my invention is not limited to the precise arrangement, and organization of the instrumentalities as herein shown and described.

In the. drawings, the internal combustion engine, which may be of any desired type, is designated 10 and its complemental jacket through which the cooling liquid passes is designated 11. Communication is established between the jacket 11 and the radiator 12 by means of usual cooling liquid circulating connect-ions 13'and l \Vit-h the exception of the radiator 12, none of the above indicated parts need be altered by the adoption of the system of cooling by radiation about to be described.

'hile the present form of cooling system i is applicable to various kinds of internal combustion engine, it is partlcularly adaptable for use upon automobiles and for illust-rative purposes the following description will be restricted thereto. The cooling apparatus of most cars is of the thermo-siphon type wherein hot water seeks a higher level than cold water. hen the water in such systems reaches a certain heat, circulation takes place and water in the radiator flows from the lower portion of radiator to and through engine water jacket from whence it passes to the radiatortop. With resultant expansion in the radiator water escapes therefroi'n through an overflow pipe. This constitutes a waste and frequent radiator filling is necessary. In the practice of the present invention, I remove such overflow pipe from the radiator.

A description will now be given of the apparatus disclosed in ig. 1. Adjacent the rear upper portion 0f.a radiator as applied to modern cars is an offset or enlarged portion 15. The rear Wall of this ofl'set I temporarily remove. I then insert through the opening-formed in the offset a boK-likestructinge 16 forming an auxiliary cooling liquid retaining chamber provided with an inlet and at least one outlet port as 17 and 18 respectively. The inlet port 17 is arranged to ex-' tend upward into the neck 19 of the radiator, through which neck the cooling liquid is poured. The port 18 is provided with an outwardly opening valve 20 which may be of any desired construction suitable for the purpose. The rear Wall of the auxiliary cooling liquid retaining chamber maybe an auxiliary chamber 23.-

provided with a drip cool: 21.. Straps 22 or the like may be employed for securing the said chamber with respect to the offset 15. I now replace the rear wall of the radiator so that drip cool; 21 projects therethrough shown. Such arrangement of parts is very simple in construction, very inenpen sive to make and may be readily applied to existing motor-car radiators with change other than above noted. in some instances, instead of placing aboX-like receptacle within the radiator, I build up said oiiset to form In such case, I add to the offset a front wall 24., see Fig. :2. to complete the chamber. Au inlet port 17 and at least one out-let port and a. drip cool: 21 are provided as above described.

in Fig. 3 in addition to adding to the ofiset the front wall E l, i reconstruct the rear of the offset to provide a much enlarged auxiliary chamber.

In some instances offset may not be present upon a radiator in which case the auxiliary chamberis manufactured com plate as shown in Fig. el. In said .tigure the auxiliar; chamber is designated and the connections between the same and the radiator are designated 1% and 15'. It is to be understood that the auxiliary chamber in all instances is to be located at a point above the return connections 1% of the radiator. all of the above instances, the operations the same and description thereof will be given.

The cooling liquid, usually wate I is poured through the neck 19 of the radiator to initially charge the jacket of the engine and radiator. i'lhoulcl any cooling liquid iiud its way into the auxiliary chamber in filling the radiator. the same may be drained therefrom through drip cock 21. lnslcud of drip cock 2]., a closure as a can ill or the like may be temporarily fitted over the chamber iulct connection to prevent access'oi' liquid to the chamber which closure is removed after the filling of the system with cooling liquid. lVith the starting of the engine the cooling liquid in the engine jacket becomes heated and a circulationthereoli' takes place between said jacket and radiator in a well understood manner. When the cooling liquid becomes heated, smuctimcs to the h ling point, a portion of the cooling: liquid '11 its circulation is forced up into the auxiliary chamber, pressure within the radiator being sufiicicnt to niaiulain closcil the valve or valves 20, thus rclaiuiug for use later on an auxiliary supply of cooling liquid. During the circulation oi the cooling liquid, it may be (iQSlP' able to permit escape of any vapor present in the radiator. This may be accomplished by npertui'ing lillcr cup l) or placing an outwardly opening valve in said lillcr tap see Fig. 2. With the. stop- Leeann engine shipped. the level liquid be above the lowermost viously only the upper valve will open and the residue of the cooling liquid will be conserved for use when a deficiency oi the cooling liquid in the circulating system permits of the escape of same.

ii the above escribed system of cooling, it will be observed that the cooling; liquid is so conserved that a desired level main.- taincd substantially constant through long periods oi time whereby inunediate circulalion thereof may be had simultaneously with engine starting. Further it will be noted that this system may be installed at small cost in that but iinor chair quire-d in its men on.

Among th at... tag zr-s of the above (lcscribed system, mention n'iay bcuuulc of the following: The radiator water level is maintained substantially the some for long periods oi time thus overcoming the necessity oi constant radiator filling; a saving of lubricating oil is eii'eclcd bccau llie same is not caused to being the formation of carbon in the cylinders is greatly reduced; overheating of the engine is reduced to a minimum and as constant filling oi the radiator is eliminated, the amount oi? sediment and incrusting solids present in the cooling system of a negligible character. Other advantages are apparent without further rlcscription thereof.

Itwill uow be apparent that l have de vised a novel and useful construction which embodies the features of advantage enumeratcd as desirable in the statement of the invention and the abov description and while system, an auxiliary cooling liquid retaining chamber located above the return connection of the circulating system, a pipe for establishing direct communication between 5 said chamber and the return end of said system for the discharge into said chamber of cooling liquid during circulation periods and valved means for the direct return of said discharge into the main circulation sys- 1o tem during cooling periods, said valved means being maintained closed duringa circulating period by pressure within the circulating system. 2. Apparatus of the character stated embracing a main cooling liquid circulation system, an auxiliary cooling liquid retaining chamber located above the return connection of the circulating system, a pipe for establishing direct communication between said chamber and the return end of said system for the discharge into 'said chamber of cooling liquid during circulation periods, valved means for the direct return of said discharge into the main circulating system during cooling periods, said valved means being maintained closed during a circulating period by pressure Within the circulating system, and means operative with respect to and in direct communication with the circulating system for relieving the same of vapor during circulation periods.

3. Apparatus of thecharacter stated comprising a radiator, an internal combustion engine having a jacket, feed and return connection for establishing communication between the radiator and said jacket and forming a main cooling liquid circulation system, an auxiliary cooling liquid retain-.-

lng compartment built in and forming a part of the rear of said radiator and located in a plane above the return end of said system, means for establishing direct communication between s aid compartment and the return end of said system for the discharge into said compartment of cooling liquid during.a circulation period, and movable means for the direct return of said discharge into the main circulation system during a cooling period said movable means 50 being maintained closed during a circulation period by pressure within the circulation system.

4. Apparatus of the character stated comprising a radiator, an internal combustion engine having a jacket, feed and return connection for establishing communication between the radiator and said jacket and forming a main cooling liquid circulation system, an auxiliary cooling liquid retain- 61) ing compartment built in and forming a part of the sear of said radiator and located in a plane above the return end of said system, means for establishing direct communication between said compartment and 85 the return end of said system for the discharge into said compartment of cooling 'liquid during a circulation period, movable means for the direct return of said discharge into the main circulation systenr during a cooling period said movable meansbeing maintained 'closed during a circulation period by pressure within the circulation system and means operative with respect to and in direct communication with the circulation system for relievingthe same of vapor during a circulation period.

5. Apparatus of the character stated comprising a main cooling liquid circulation system, an auxiliary cooling liquid retaining chamber located in a plane above the return connection of the circulation system, means for establishing-direct communication between said chamber and the return end of said system for the discharge into said chamber of cooling liquid durin a circulation period and movable means for controlling the direct return of said discharge into the main circulation system during a cooling period said movable means being maintained closed during a circulation period by pressure within the circulation system.

6. Apparatus of the character stated comprising a radiator, an internal combustion engine having a jacket, feed and return connection for establishing communication between theradiator and said jacket and forming a main cooling liquid compartment built in and forming a part of the rear of said radiator and located in a plane above the return end of said system, an overflow connection establishing direct communication between said compartment and the return end of said system for the discharge into said compartment of cooling liquid- 05 during a circulation period and laterally disposed valves for the direct return of said discharge into the maincirculation system during a cooling period said valves being maintained closed during a circulation period by pressure within the circulation system.

7. Apparatus of the character stated comprising a radiator, having a neck at its top,.a filler cap for said neck provided with means for the escape of vapor, an internal combustion engine having a jacket, feed and return connections for establishing communication between the radiator and said jacket and forming a main cooling liquid circulation system, an auxiliary cooling liquid retaining compartment situated in and forming a part of the rear of said radiator and located in a plane above the return end of said system, an overflow pipe connected between the radiator neck and said compartment for establishing direct communication between said compartment and the return end of said system for the discharge into said'compartment of cooling 0 In iesiiimuny ".ihQl'PGi signed my name.

Witnesses WlLLI AMA 

